Physical Security Essay

INTRODUCTION.Physical pledge starts with a rather truthful basic premise those who do not belong on your instaurations post should be excluded from your cornerstone. This may happen in terzetto oft interrelated ways when those who do not belong atomic number 18 identified, stopped and denied admission, when those who do not belong argon denied admission by a physical device, such as a locked door. When those who do not belong are denied admission because they decide that your institution is too exhausting to enter and thus they do punctuate entranceway.This section will carry on the various methods of excluding those who do not belong access chasteness, blusher simpleness and locks, protective devices and alarms, windows and doors, fence in and gates, protective touchwood, general deterrence.PHYSICAL SECURITY AND villainy PREVENTION AND CONTROLAccess ControlAccess incorporate mental representation that, when your readiness is rude, no visitor, delivery service p erson or incomprehensible individual is able to enter your celerity without being both find directly or indirectly. Several techniques to accomplish that goal may let in any or tout ensemble of the following.Security DeskA security desk should be setup in them in lobby of each building which has an open-access or open-door policy. A sign-in and outlet supervised by an employee who validates identification prior to bothowing visitors to rifle into the building, is highly advisable. Most supermarkets, five star hotels, foreign embassies, parliament buildings and study organizations present this measure in place in order to supervise the staff and clients as they drive in and out to as true no harmful contrabands are sneaked in or pilferage of equipments and other relevant materials from the organization. When go into a building like I&M where Standard base have steads or Nation Centre where NTV is housed you have to produce your study ID, register your name, office and p urpose of your visit then insured with a visitors pass in order to rack up access to the premises.Monitored EntrancesIdeally, an institution should have a single entrance just now, monitored by staff personnel and supply with an intercom system for communicating with anyone who comes to the door. Simply, an open door policy does not tight that every door need be left open and unlocked. You realize that hospitals, police headquarters, military barracks among others have personnel who are delegate on daily basis to note and verify individuals and motor vehicles that come in or leave the premises.Its purpose is to deter criminals and take note of every visitor for purposes of accountability when things go amiss. When entering the Times jerk where the Kenya Revenue Authority is housed, the security guards at the gate verifies visitors by their matter Identity throwaways and or travelers passport and then a say group of guards checks for any harmful materials by use of metal det ectors.VisitorsAt no time should visitors be allowed to roam freely through your property unescorted or without being observed. That is specially true for individuals who expect to work on your around sensitive systems such as burglar alarms, fire alarms, intercourse systems or computers. Special diligence should be applied to those individuals when they visit your institution even if they are legitimate. For larger institutions, certain areas should be considered off-limits to all save authorized personnel. in allowing visitors free access to your facility does not mean that they should be allowed to go anywhere e.g. into restricted areas such as office spaces or that they should be given a sense that their actions are just unnoticed by the institutions personnel. Some premises request having out of bound locations i.e. military barracks, production factories railway stations, air and seaports for purposes of security. then visitor should only be direct to designated zones o nly. Military barracks have their armories defend while airports have garages and main control rooms protect for security purposes.Employee Photo Identification Cards and BadgesAll employees should have and wear identification. much(prenominal) badges make identification of non-employees immediate. Moreover, such cards will not only enable visitors to immediately identify those who work in an institution but will psychologically help employees understand that they are part of their agencys security team. Photo identification should only be provided with incident education regarding their care, the procedure to be followed if they are lost, as well as the manner in which employees should approach unkn take in individuals. Creating ID badges requires thought. Cards should have drop dead pictures along with the employees name.The institutions name should not unavoidably be placed on the card. In any event, employees should be instructed that their card should be prominently worn while in the building and, for their own safety, kept from view when away from the building. In major hospitals like capital of Kenya hospital, Matter hospital among others every employee has a job ID which enables them access to all areas and distinguish them from patients, this sheers the chances of an admitted patient running away from the premise without paying the medical bill.Perimeter wallThe perimeter wall, culverts and drainage units, lighting and other inborn physical security areas. The drainage system and culverts can conceal entry and exit points for potential criminals. Culverts should be grilled to make it difficult for Criminals activities to occur. set lotHere the security personnel should be in a position to see how vehicles entering the premise or exiting are inspected. In some organizations parking badges are issued while in many much identification from drivers is not produced.In some organizations it is indicated cars parked at proprietors risk which injects confidence to car vandals and absorbs security responsibility. Parking should be offered to personnel with previous security background.The adjacent buildings and windows.The buildings and windows near a facility should not serve as a spring board for criminals to gain entry. The windows should be well and commensurately secured to deny criminals an opportunity to access the facility under surveillance.Key Control and LocksKnowing who has which keys to which locks at all generation is a vitally important issue. Failure to maintain such control may defeat the entire purpose of creating a security system. Institutions often simply assume that no one leaving their service any an employee or volunteer will subsequently break into their building or office. A sound key-control policy is essential to an effective security program. there should be a central key control location where get the hang are kept and access to which is strictly controlled. Registry.A central key control regis try should be established for all key mainstay combinations. Employees and lead should be required to sign for keys when they are received and the bring to of keys should be an important part of an exit process. Issuance. Supervisory approval should be required for the issuance of all keys and locks. Spare keys and locks should be kept in a centrally located cabinet, locked under the supervision of a designated employee. subordinate keys should be issued to a very restricted number of employees and these should be inventoried at least twice each year. Re-keying.When key control is lost, it may be worthwhile to have an institutions locks Re-keyed or key should be surrendered incase employee is terminated or retired. Combination Locks and Codes. Where combination locks and coded locks are used, those combinations and codes should be changed at least every six months or when employees or leadership leave your premise. Combinations should also be kept under strict control of managem ent.Computer systems and access.The computer system has become a concern in computer industry today. The security of electronic gadgets is pivotal in the growing of organizations, sabotage and shrinkage. The system should be protected from intruders or unauthorized access. The cogitationor should complicate know who uses which computer, which services would be jeopardized by failure of a certain computer.FiresAre unpredictable hazards to organizations, homes and industries. The degree of vulnerability varies from one organization to another. The surveyor should check on the existing fire hazards, verify a match amidst hazards existing and fire suppression devices.SafesThe area containing valuables is of paramount importance to a security survey. The protection of valuables should be consistent with security physical measures and criticalness of a potential loss occurs. Safes and valuable storage areas should be fitted with adequate alarm systems.SurveillanceSurveillance devices, CCTVs and motion picture cameras are key to criminal activities detection, apprehension and deterrence. The surveyor should know their existence, location, protection and who monitors them.The security survey should capture the various departments in the organization, their executions and internal controls.Protective releaseThe value of adequate lighting as a deterrent to curse cannot be overemphasized. Adequate lighting is a cost-effective line of justification in preventing crime.Some Considerations on LightingLighting, both inside and outside, is most helpful and can be installed without becoming overly intrusive to neighbors. All entrances should be well lit. Fences should also be illuminated. For outside lighting, the rule of pollex is to create light equal to that of full daylight. The light should be directed downward away from the building or area to be protected and away from any security personnel you might have patrolling the facility. Where fencing is used, the lig hting should be inside and above the fencing to illuminate as much of the fence as possible. Lighting should be placed to reduce contrast between shadows and illuminated areas. It should be uniform on walkways, entrances, exits, and especially in parking areas.Perimeter lights should be installed so the cones of illumination overlap, eliminating areas of positive darkness if any one light malfunctions. Fixtures should be vandal-resistant. It is vital that fasten of defects and replacement of worn-out bulbs be immediate. In addition, prevent trees or bushes from stop lighting fixtures. You may wish to use timers and/or automatic photoelectrical cells. Such devices provide protection against human error and ensure operation during inclement weather or when the building is unoccupied. A security maestro should be contacted to help you with decisions on location and the best type of lighting for your individual institution.REFERENCEJames K. Broder (200), Risk Analysis And The Securit y slew 2rd Ed. Butterworth-Heinemann. USA.Lawrence J. Fennely (2003), Physical Security 3rd Edition. Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Burlington, UK. Marc Weber Tobias (200), Locks Safes and Security, An International Police extension 2nd Ed. Illinois USA.